The tyre recycling and disposal industry is subject to a number of recent regulations on landfill:

• The European Union Landfill Directive is already having a major impact on the disposal of used tyres. Article 5 of this legislation was partially enacted in 2003 when dumping of whole tyres into landfill sites was banned. It was fully implemented in July 2006 with a ban on shredded tyres into landfill.
  
• The introduction of the Waste Incineration Directive, which came into force in 2005, is mandatory for all UK cement kilns that burn tyres. The Directive brings in new and tougher limits on emissions. Oxides of nitrogen have been targeted and the lower limits means that significant investments have been made by cement industry to achieve these limits.